I&B Ministry
NBDA strengthens regulations with graded penalties for broadcasters and digital publishers
Mumbai: The News Broadcasters & Digital Association (“NBDA”) is the collective voice of the news, current affairs and digital broadcasters in India, whose membership includes leading news and current affairs broadcasters and digital news publishers, who run news and current affairs channels and digital news platforms. Members of NBDA are some of the nation’s top-rated news channels and they command more than 80 per cent of news television viewership in India.
One of the significant achievements of NBDA is its independent self-regulatory body “News Broadcasting & Digital Standards Authority” (NBDSA), which was established nearly 15 years ago. NBDSA has emerged as a time-tested complaint redressal system and process for the viewers. Since its inception, NBDSA has been headed by eminent former judges of the Supreme Court of India, and by other renowned Independent Members, who have striven to improve broadcasting standards.
The NBDA Board felt that it had become necessary to review and amend the News Broadcasting & Digital Standards Regulations (regulations) to bring it in sync with the evolving media landscape.
The NBDA Board is grateful to Justice (Retd) A. K. Sikri, chairperson, NBDSA, Justice (Retd) R. V Raveendran, former chairperson, NBDSA and Senior Advocate Arvind P. Datar, for their invaluable guidance and inputs in facilitating the process.
The salient features of the regulations are:
With the inclusion of digital news media in its membership, the regulations have been amended to bring digital publishers under the purview of NBDSA. Further, several new definitions have been added in the Regulations, which include:
“Digital News Media” means digitized news content that can be transmitted over the internet or computer networks and includes content received, stored, transmitted, edited or processed by a digital publisher;
“Digital News Platforms” refers to platforms which facilitate transmission of digitized news content over the internet or computer networks including social networking sites or social media;
“OTT Platforms” refers to platforms which facilitate transmission of any program, feature, news-item, news-report or any other matter over the internet or computer networks on demand;
“Digital Publisher” includes a news portal, news aggregator, news agency and any other entity which is engaged in publishing of news and current affairs content on digital news platforms, OTT platforms, social networking sites and social media.
Penalties to be imposed for violation of the Code of Conduct have been broadened to include graded penalties, which are as follows:
7. Powers of Authority
“Where, on receipt of a complaint made to it or otherwise, the Authority has reason to believe that a Broadcaster or Digital Publisher has violated the Code of Conduct, the Authority may, after giving the Broadcaster or Digital Publisher concerned, an opportunity of being heard, hold an inquiry in such manner as is provided by these Regulations and, if it is satisfied that it is necessary so to do, it may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, direct the following penalties to be imposed upon the broadcaster or digital publisher:-
For the first violation issue/express:
a. warning, admonish, censure, disapproval, regret, apology and/or
b. impose a fine of upto Rs. 2 lacs
For the second violation issue/express:
a. warning, admonish, censure, disapproval, regret, apology and/or
b. impose a fine of upto Rs. 5 lacs
For the third violation issue/express:
a. warning, admonish, censure, disapproval, regret, apology and/or
b. impose a fine upto one per cent of the total annual turnover of the channel.
Provided such fine shall not exceed Rs.25 lakhs, in any given matter.
In addition to the above, on the third violation of the code of conduct, the authority may direct a particular programme to be suspended for up to one week and/or direct the broadcaster to suspend the anchor for upto one month and/or issue any other direction as the authority deems appropriate to the broadcaster or digital publisher and/or recommend to the concerned authority for suspension/revocation of license of such broadcaster;
Provided that the fine imposed by the authority shall be recovered from the concerned broadcaster or digital publisher.
Provided that if the authority holds that the Broadcaster or digital publisher has violated the code of conduct, it will direct the broadcaster/digital publisher to immediately remove or suitably edit the broadcast/publication from all digital news platforms, social media and social networking sites;”
Suo-Motu proceedings
“The Authority has the power to initiate suo motu proceedings and issue notice or, as the case may be, take action in respect of any matter which falls within the mischief contemplated in these regulations or relating to any matter falling within or arising from the Code of Conduct, and in such cases the Authority would be free to adopt its own procedure and such procedure need not be the same procedure as when the complaint is filed.
The authority may exercise suo motu power in cases where public interest requires immediate remedial action to be taken, or in other cases where the Authority deems it fit to do so.
Where suo motu proceedings have been taken ex-parte, the authority will issue notice to the concerned broadcasters/digital publishers within three days giving an opportunity to explain why further action under the regulations should not be taken.
The Authority may exercise its powers suo motu even on a subject matter brought to its attention by a Complainant whose complaint has been dismissed due to delay in filing the Complaint.”
New provision added in the regulations
Emergency powers
“In the event there is an emergency situation involving egregious and/or continuous and/or repetitive violation(s) of the code of conduct in the telecast/publication by the member broadcasters/digital publishers on a particular subject, the authority shall also have suo motu emergency powers to issue interim directions to broadcasters/digital publishers without following the procedures as mentioned in the regulations.
In such emergency situations, an urgent meeting of the Authority will be convened within 24 (twenty-four) hours of such violation of code of conduct being brought to the notice of the Authority.
After the urgent meeting, the Authority can take action against any broadcasters/digital publishers including a particular channel/digital platform/OTT platform which would include a direction to remove the content immediately.
After the passing of any such interim directions, the aggrieved broadcaster/digital publisher may approach the authority for redressal of its grievance immediately. If a suitable explanation is given by the broadcasters/digital publishers, the authority can set aside the Interim Directions and direct the programme/content to be restored.”
The News Broadcasting & Digital Standards Regulations dated 20.6.2024 is attached.
I&B Ministry
CBFC speeds up film certification; average approval time cut to 22 days
Over 71,900 films cleared in five years as digital system shortens approval timelines
MUMBAI: The Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) has significantly reduced the time taken to certify films, with the average approval timeline now down to 22 working days for feature films and just three days for short films.
Operating under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, the statutory body certifies films for public exhibition in line with the Cinematograph Act, 1952 and the Cinematograph (Certification) Rules, 2024. The rules prescribe a maximum certification period of 48 working days, though the adoption of the Online Certification System has sharply accelerated the process.
Over the past five years, from 2020-21 to 2024-25, the board certified a total of 71,963 films across formats. Of these, the majority fell under the U category with 41,817 titles, followed by UA with 28,268 films and A with 1,878 films. No films were certified under the S category during the period.
Film approvals have also steadily risen in recent years. The CBFC cleared 8,299 films in 2020-21, a figure that peaked at 18,070 in 2022-23 before settling at 15,444 films in 2024-25. During the same period, 11,064 films were certified with cuts or modifications.
Despite the high volume of certifications, outright refusals remain rare. Only three films were denied certification over the last five years, with one refusal recorded in 2022-23 and two in 2024-25.
The board may recommend cuts or modifications if a film violates statutory parameters relating to the sovereignty and integrity of India, security of the state, friendly relations with foreign states, public order, decency or morality, defamation, contempt of court or incitement to an offence.
Filmmakers can challenge CBFC decisions in court. Data shows that such disputes remain limited but have seen some fluctuation. Between 2021 and 2025, a total of 21 certification decisions were challenged before High Courts, with the number rising to 10 cases in 2025.
Responding to a question in the Rajya Sabha, minister of state for information and broadcasting L. Murugan shared the data. The question was raised by Mallikarjun Kharge.
With faster timelines and a largely digital workflow, the certification process appears to be moving at a far brisker pace, signalling a shift towards quicker clearances for India’s growing film output.
